Nanoscale metallic multilayer films (NMMFs) have captured scientific interests on their mechanical responses.Compared with the properties of monolithic films, multilayers possess unique high strength as the individual layer thickness reduces to the nanoscale, which is benefited from the plentiful hetero-interfaces.However, NMMFs always exhibit a lo
Within the field of soft computing, intelligent optimization modelling techniques include various major techniques in artificial intelligence.These techniques pretend to generate new business knowledge transforming sets of "raw data" into business value.One of the principal applications of these techniques is related to the design of predictive ana
Despite a long tradition of reporting diagnostic accuracy in terms of sensitivity and specificity, only a minority of physicians correctly interprets and applies this information.Likelihood ratios (LRs) are more intelligible and more meaningful because it connects the preprobability of a person to postprobability that guide the physician to MAGNESI